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Clermontia tuberculata

C.N.Forbes (1912)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Campanulaceae Genus: Clermontia

‘ōhā [oha], ‘ōhā wai [oha wai], hāhā [haha]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs or trees, 4–5 m tall, terrestrial.

Stems: Stems branched repeatedly, spreading, light gray or light brown, glabrous or rarely pubescent, with numerous helically arranged leaf scars near apex, pith solid, latex white, viscous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades oblanceolate or oblong, 9–20 cm long, 2.5–5.5 cm wide. Apex obtuse. Base cuneate or attenuate. Upper surfaces glabrous; lower surfaces glabrous or minutely muricate on the veins; lamina coriaceous; upper surfaces dark green; lower surfaces pale green. Margins callose–crenulate. Petioles 1–6 cm long, muricate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences 2–flowered or often 1–flowered by abortion, muricate; peduncle 0.5–1 cm long, spreading, bibracteate at apex; pedicels 3–5 cm long, spreading, bibracteolate at base. Flowers bisexual (perfect), epigynous, zygomorphic, resupinate, protandrous. Hypanthium 1.4–1.9 cm long, 1.4–1.9 cm in diameter, obconic or obovoid, muricate. Calyx lobes 3–9 mm long, 3–5 mm wide, triangular, shallowly triangular, or deltate, muricate; apex obtuse or acute. Corolla 5–7 cm long, bilabiate, dark rose, muricate; tube suberect, 1–2 cm long, 1.2–1.8 cm in diameter; lobes thick, fleshy, the dorsal two 3.8–5.2 cm long, 3–5 cm wide, suberect, the ventral three 2–3 cm long, 3–5 mm wide, spreading. Stamens 5, syngenesious, alternate with the corolla lobes, staminal column somewhat exserted, suberect or curved; anthers connate, dithecal, opening introrsely by longitudinal slits, dark purple, the 3 dorsal ones a little longer than the 2 ventral ones, the latter with tufts of stiff white trichomes at apex, otherwise glabrous, or sometimes pubescent along the sutures, rarely so on the surfaces, the tube 1.5–2 cm long, 5.5–7.5 mm in diameter, glabrous or sparingly pubescent; filaments connate above, free from the corolla, 4.1–5.8 cm long, magenta, glabrous. Pollen tricolporate, prolate, ellipsoidal. Ovary inferior, 2-carpellate, 2-loculed; ovule placentation axile, placentae large; style slender, terete (cylindrical), with a ring of stiff white hairs near apex; stigma 2-lobed, the lobes appressed and non–receptive as the style grows through the anther tube, pushing out pollen, after which the stigmas spread and become receptive.

Fruit: Berries unknown; presumably muricate. Seeds numerous; tiny; dark brown or black; minutely foveate–reticulate; shiny; with a straight; short to spatulate dicotyledonous embryo embedded in oily endosperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Windward slopes of Haleakalā; montane rain forests and cloud forests.

Elevation Range: 1,650–1,825 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 5: 8 (1912)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:436 (EM); Lammers 1991:30 (KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris montane wet forest, dissected by riparian vegetation W/ Broussaisia arguta, Myrsine sandwicensis, Dubautia plantaginea, D. scabra, Kadua affinis, K. axillaris, Scaevola chamissoniana, Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis, C. tuberculata, C. grandiflora Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 15644 Maui BISH 2013-08-22
2 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris montane wet forest, dissected by riparian vegetation W/ Broussaisia arguta, Myrsine sandwicensis, Dubautia plantaginea, D. scabra, Kadua affinis, K. axillaris, Scaevola chamissoniana, Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis, C. tuberculata, C. grandiflora Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 15612 Maui BISH 2013-08-19
3 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Occasional in forest understory. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Chierodendron, Ilex, Coprosma, Melicope, Myrsine, Leptecophylla, Lobelia, Cyanea, Cibotium, Sadleria, Carex, Peperomia. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 31702 Maui BISH 2017-03-13
4 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details thicket with Broussaisia, Cheirodendron Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 256 Maui BISH 1973-06-29
5 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet ohia forest with native trees, shrubs, treefern Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9301 Maui BISH 1980-06-28
6 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Polyscias, Broussaisia, Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Sticherus, Machaerina, Cibotium, Dubautia, Trematolobelia, Pipturus, Sadleria, Dryopteris, Kadua, Coprosma, Phyllostegia, Labordia, Carex, Scaevola, Eragrostis, Amauropelta, Adenophorus, Lellingeria, Lepisorus, Oreogrammitis, Pilea, Selaginella, Peperomia, Juncus, Tibouchina, Hedychium, Paspalum, Sacciolepis, Erechtites. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 81335 Maui BISH 2013-08-21
7 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris montane wet forest, dissected by riparian vegetation W/ Bourssaisia arguta, Myrsine sandwicensis, Dubautia plantaginea, D. scabra, Kadua affinis, K. axillaris, Scaevola chamissoniana, Clermontia samuelii subsp. hanaensis, C. tuberculata, C. grandiflora Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 15635 Maui BISH 2013-08-21
8 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest at edge of large open sedge meadow; with Broussaisia, Coprosma Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 557 Maui BISH 1973-07-07
9 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details thicket with Broussaisia, Cheirodendron Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 256 Maui BISH 1973-06-29
10 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details With Myrsine, Broussaisia, Cyrtandra, Metrosideros, and Cheirodendron. Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 289 Maui BISH 1973-06-29
11 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details in shady wet forest. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Melicope, Leptecophylla, Coprosma, Broussaisia, Ilex, Smilax, Cibotium, Sadleria, Athyrium, Diplazium, Clermontia, Kadua, Dicranopteris, Sticherus, Diplopterygium, Astelia, Uncinia, Elaphoglossum, Asplenium, Dryopteris, Vaccinium, Labordia, Nertera, Carex, Adenophorus, Peperomia, Tibouchina, Juncus, Axonopus. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 61218 Maui BISH 2012-06-26
12 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details thicket with Broussaisia, Cheirodendron, Vaccinium Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 288 Maui BISH 1973-06-29
13 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Montane native rainforest Preserved_Specimen Carter, I. 9 Maui BISH 2011-06-06
14 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 201 Maui BISH 1910-07-01
15 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details stream bank with Broussaisia, Metrosideros, Gouldia Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 426 Maui BISH 1973-08-14
16 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Metrosideros montane wet forest with Vaccinium, Dubautia, Rubus hawaiensis, Broussaisia, Styphelia, Clermontia, Coprosma, Psychotria, Melicope, Gunnera Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 8093 Maui BISH 1988-03-20
17 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 458 Maui BISH 1983-07-10
18 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12837 Maui BISH 1912-03-01
19 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In a wet gully. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 3591 Maui BISH 1993-06-16
20 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Maui BISH 1911-03-01
21 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 201 Maui BISH 1910-07-01
22 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12837 Maui BISH 1912-03-01
23 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Maui BISH
24 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details with Broussaisia, Cheirodendron, Clermontia, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 413 Maui BISH 1973-08-13
25 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details along perennial stream. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Broussaisia, Dicranopteris, Melicope, Sadleria, Cibotium, Clermontia, Cyanea, Astelia, Peperomia, Athyrium, Kadua, Lycopodiella, Vaccinium, Labordia, Isachne, Eragrostis, Deschampsia, Pipturus, Pilea, Machaerina, Dryopteris, Coprosma, Psychotria, Cyrtandra, Prunella, Ageratina, Tibouchina, Plantago major, Rubus hawaiensis, Korthalsella, Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 51420 Maui BISH 2014-05-28
26 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest with Perrottetia sandwicensis, Diplazium sandwichianum, Gunnera, Dryopteris wallichiana, Pteris excelsa, Sadleria spp, Asplenium spp, Scaevola chamissoniana, Labordia hirtella, Astelia menziesiana, Cl Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 15051 Maui BISH 2012-06-26
27 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Woods Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 201 Maui BISH 1910-07-01
28 Clermontia tuberculata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details thicket with Broussaisia, Cheirodendron Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 256 Maui BISH 1973-06-29
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