Cestrum aurantiacum

Lindl. (1844)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Cestrum

mākāhala [makahala], orange cestrum, orange jessamine

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Large shrubs 3–4 m tall, sprawling, clambering, and suckering, sparsely pubescent with minute crisped hairs, soon glabrate.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades 5–10 cm long, 3.5–5 cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate. Base rounded to cuneate. Margins entire. Petioles 1–3 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in sessile, 10–15 in axillary or terminal, subspicate inflorescences, often congested toward apex, most flowers subtended by a bract. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Calyx tubular, 5 lobed, 5–8 mm long, the lobes linear, 1–3 mm long. Corolla orangish yellow, the tube slightly inflated above, 1.7–2 cm long, the lobes broadly triangular, 5 mm long, inrolled during the day. Stamens 5, inserted about middle of corolla tube; anthers ca. 1.5 mm long; filaments with a bluntly conical, pubescent process at the point of insertion. Ovary superior, glabrous, surrounded by a fleshy disk at base; style 1, erect, 15–16 mm long; stigma capitate, slightly exceeding anthers.

Fruit: Berries white; succulent; 8–12 mm long; enclosed by calyx at base. Seeds not seen.

Ploidy: 2n = 16

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Only found in cultivation

Island Status

O'ahu Only found in cultivation
Maui Only found in cultivation
Hawai'i Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents

Birds

Pollinators

Specimens

Bibliography

Name Published In: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30(Misc.): 71 (1844)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1254 (O, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:533 (KEY, DESCR); Faccenda, Arthur, et al. 2025:212 (exclude from checklist, no evidence of nat.)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cestrum aurantiacum Paanhau 2002 Preserved_Specimen Board of Agriculture and Forestry 12929 Hawaii BISH
2 Cestrum aurantiacum Hawaii National Park, Kilauea, Old Volcano House Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 230 Hawaii BISH 1942-12-01
3 Cestrum aurantiacum Honolulu, Kamehameha Nursery Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. Oahu BISH 1929-11-20
4 Cestrum aurantiacum East Maui, Makawao Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19293 Maui BISH 1948-12-19
5 Cestrum aurantiacum Kapalama Hts., Kamehameha Girls' School Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1932-06-06
6 Cestrum aurantiacum Honolulu, Kalihi, Bishop Estate Nursery Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. Oahu BISH 1930-11-12