img

Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Geraniales Family: Geraniaceae Genus: Geranium

hinahina, nohoanu

img

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Compact, erect, many-branched shrubs 3–10 dm tall.

Stems: Stems and branches reddish to black, covered with persistent stipules, densely leafy only toward apex.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades oblong–cuneate, (1.5–)2.5–5 cm long, (0.5–)0.7–1.2(–1.4) cm wide. Apex truncate to sometimes rounded. Surfaces green and glabrous to moderately strigose, occasionally more densely so in lines along veins, or densely grayish or silky strigose on both surfaces or only on lower surface. Margins entire except apex (3)4–6-toothed. Usually 3–8-veined. Petioles 0.3–2 cm long. Stipules subulate, ca. 5–6 mm long, strigillose.

Flowers: Flowers 7–30 in compound cymes, forming large corymbose inflorescences that project beyond the leaves. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic; Pedicels 0.5–1.6(–2) cm long. Calyx of 5 sepals; sepals narrowly lanceolate, 5–9 mm long, densely silky strigose to sparsely villous or merely ciliate, apex mucronate. Petals white or cream, sometimes with purple veins and sometimes purple at base, narrowly obovate, 9–15 mm long. Stamens (5)10; filaments ± connate at base, those alternate with the petals longer than others and with basal glands, staminal filaments usually 9–12 mm long, glands pubescent; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior or nearly so, 5-celled, carpels connate around a central column to form a compound ovary with as many cells, fertile portion a lobed ring at base of stylar column, placentation axile; ovules 2 per cell, anatropous to campylotropous, usually pendulous; styles 3–5, 5–6 mm long at anthesis, elongating to 15–28 mm long in fruit, essentially beakless, sometimes narrowed below apex, branches filiform, reflexed; stigmas slender and dry, rarely capitate.

Fruit: Septicidal and elastically dehiscent capsules separating into as many segments as carpels; a portion of the style splitting off from remainder of stylar column and forming an awn that recurves upward from the persistent central column; usually remaining attached to apex; sometimes the awn also becomes spirally coiled; awn usually hygroscopic; carpel bodies ca. 2–4 mm long; sparsely to densely pubescent. Seeds 1 per cell; dark reddish brown; oblong–obovoid; ca. 1.7–1.9 mm long; the surface inconspicuously reticulate.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occasional to forming a dominant part of the vegetation in subalpine shrubland and forest; alpine shrubland; and as a pioneer in shrubland on lava in fog swept areas.

Elevation Range: 1,550–1,830 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

img

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:730 (H); Aedo 2023:577, 578 (DESCR, KEY)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Hawaii North Kona DISTR> Keauhou AHU. Tr 52(88); N slope of Hualalai; NE of Malekule S of fence line; Kaupulehu FR Dry native shrub community with scattered `ohi`a and other native trees. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2068 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-08
2 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Kau DISTR. Kahuku AHU. Tr 66(6); W slope Mauna Loa; 1.5 S of Honokua 1950 lava flow Dry native shrub community with scattered `ohi`a and other native trees. Exposed; ground - rooted. Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1118 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-25
3 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Kahuku Ahupuaa, SE slope of Mauna Loa, Kau Forest, along upper road above forest. Transect Ha, Station 34. Mesic ohia forest with other native trees and a native shrub, matted-fern understory. Exposed. Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 713 Hawaii BISH 1978-06-14
4 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Keauhou 2 Ahupuaa, W slope of Mauna Loa, heading WNW from ca 1.3 km N of Kohalapilau toward Highway 11. Transect 62, Station 34 Dry ohia forest with mixed native trees and a native shrub and mixed grass understory. Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1055 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-02
5 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Hualalai, near summit, edge of Hainoa Crater, North Kona District Growing with Metrosideros, Vaccinium, and Coprosma on rocky ledge. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 668 Hawaii BISH 1980-12-10
6 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 307 Hawaii BISH 1864-01-01
7 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Hualalai, on slope of crater Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 647 Hawaii BISH 1922-09-25
8 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Kealakekua, Greenwell Ranch Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23980 Hawaii BISH 1949-12-31
9 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Slopes of Hualalai Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 161 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-15
10 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Papaloa, Kona Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 307 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-14
11 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Central plateau back of Pulehua Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10045 Hawaii BISH 1912-01-01
12 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8329 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
13 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8329 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
14 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum NW slope of Hualalai Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1706 Hawaii BISH 1965-01-31
15 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Central Plateau of Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 307 Hawaii BISH 1864-01-01
16 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Kanehaha, Kona Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 252 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-24
17 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Hualalai Volcano, above Kailua-Kona Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1738 Hawaii BISH 1965-04-20
18 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Slopes of Hualalai Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 161 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-15
19 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8329 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
20 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Kona District: North of Papaloa, Capt. Cook On a`a lava fllow. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20379 Hawaii BISH
21 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Mauna Loa, above Puu Lehua Ranch Preserved_Specimen Ewart III, G.R. Hawaii BISH 1934-08-20
22 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Hualalai Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Hawaii BISH
23 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Keauhou Ranch (T-KM), Kau district Open Metrosideros native shrub scrub. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 1 Hawaii BISH 1979-10-23
24 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Kealakekua Ranch; end of jeep road Lava field. Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. Hawaii BISH 1984-03-26
25 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Central plateau back of Pulehua Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10045 Hawaii BISH 1912-01-01
26 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum 21 mi W of Hilo on Saddle Road Preserved_Specimen Miller, J.S. 7927 Hawaii BISH 1992-08-05
27 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8329 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
28 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Papaloa, Kona Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 307 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-14
29 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Kealakekua Ranch; above airfield Common understory plant. Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. Hawaii BISH 1984-03-26
30 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Loaloa. Three miles E. of Humuula On typical cinder cone Preserved_Specimen Usinger, R.L. 692 Hawaii BISH 1935-08-07
31 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Kiilae, S. Kona In lehua forest on a`a. dry place Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1518 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-21
32 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Hualalai, Hawaii In sub vegetation near summit of Hualalai. In company with Railliardia, Cyathodes and Coprosma ernodeoides. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3589 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-09
33 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum South Kona, Near Papae Clarke Open pahoehoe country. Common. Preserved_Specimen Greenwell, A.B.H. 11 Hawaii BISH 1950-11-13
34 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Kulani Honor Camp near Mauna Loa Boy's School towards Saddle Road Growing with Metrosideros, Myrsine, Pittosporum, Styphelia, Coprosma montana & C. ernodeoides. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 233 Hawaii BISH 1980-02-22
35 Geranium cuneatum subsp. cuneatum Hilo Forest Reserve; Saddle Rd. at 35.4 km dry montane forest Preserved_Specimen Annable, C.R. 3750 Hawaii BISH 1998-01-14
Back to Top