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Sanicula purpurea

H.St.John & Hosaka (1935)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Apiales Family: Apiaceae Genus: Sanicula

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial, rather stout, erect or ascending herbs 0.8–3.6 dm tall, from a massive multicipital caudex.

Stems: Caulescent, stems usually several, decumbent, tufted, paniculately–cymosely branched.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, basal leaves numerous, cauline leaves reduced upward. Basal leaves reniform or orbicular to ovate–cordate, 2–8 cm wide, 3–7–lobed ½ or less to petiole; basal leaf lobes orbicular to obovate. Blades of basal leaves coriaceous. Margins crenate–serrate with mucronate teeth; cauline leaves palmately 3–5-cleft to or below the middle with obovate lobes. Basal leaf veins impressed on upper surface, prominent on lower surface. Cauline leaves petiolate to subsessile; basal petioles slender, 5–25 cm. long, abruptly sheathing at base. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in paniculately arranged terminal clusters of 1–3 pedunculate, capitate umbels plus similar clusters in upper leaf axils. Umbels 6–10–flowered. Peduncles 0.5–1.5 cm long. Involucre of ca. 10, rather conspicuous, oblong or oblanceolate bracts 3–6 mm long. Perfect flowers 1–3, sessile; staminate flowers 5–7, their pedicels ca. 3 mm long. Calyx teeth ovate, 1–1.5 mm long, obtuse, nearly distinct, in fruit exceeding fruit prickles. Corolla of 5 petals; petals purple or cream, tinged–purple. Stamens 5, inserted on an epigynous disk. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; ovules 1 per cells, anatropous; styles 2, usually swollen at base into a stylopodium.Styles a little longer than calyx teeth, recurved.

Fruit: Fruit subglobose; 2–3.5 mm long; 2–3 mm in diameter; mericarps somewhat compressed dorsally in transection; covered with slender; straight or slightly curved; slightly bulbous–based prickles; vittae inconspicuous; commissural surface shallowly concave; the commissural scar lanceolate. Seeds 1 per mericarp; embryo small; endosperm cartilaginous.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Scattered on mossy precipitous slopes and in open bogs; rarely in low elevation wet forest; in the Ko'olau Mountains; O'ahu; and on West Maui.

Elevation Range: 700–1,460 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Endemic
Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Pumehana Imada

Bibliography

Name Published In: Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 11(13): 6 (1935)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:210 (O, WM)

Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2 (No. Edn 2). University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press.

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1135 Oahu BISH 1933-08-06
2 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 9734 Oahu BISH 1933-08-06
3 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
4 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
5 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
6 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
7 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 12333 Oahu BISH 1935-11-10
8 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Scattered on steep, windswept mossy slope in Metrosideros Wet Shrubland. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 81409 Maui BISH 2014-08-18
9 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Scattered on steep, windswept mossy slope in Metrosideros Wet Shrubland. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 81410 Maui BISH 2014-08-18
10 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Scattered on steep, windswept mossy slope in Metrosideros Wet Shrubland. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 71404 Maui BISH 2014-07-18
11 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mossy Divide Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 17628 Oahu BISH 1935-04-28
12 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Grassy divide Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10179 Oahu BISH 1930-01-19
13 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details rain forest Preserved_Specimen Morley, H. 14 Oahu BISH 1933-12-10
14 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros montane wet bogs with Coprosma, Rhynchospora, Myrsine vaccinioides, Geranium humile, Viola maviensis, Lobelia gloria-montis, Plantago pachyphylla, Melicope, Cheirodendron, Vaccinium, Oreobolus, Dubautia laxa. Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 6928 Maui BISH 1987-11-15
15 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Specimen on a steep slope, on a windswept E facing wall; assoc w/Plantago pachyphylla, Dryopteris glabra, Peperomia eekana, Diplopterygium pinnatum, various mosses. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 118 Maui BISH 1996-05-01
16 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Grassy divide Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10179 Oahu BISH 1930-01-19
17 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain Forest Preserved_Specimen Morley, H. 74 Oahu BISH 1933-12-10
18 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 14228 Oahu BISH 1937-07-24
19 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Grassy divide Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10179 Oahu BISH 1930-01-19
20 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Grassy divide Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10179 Oahu BISH 1930-01-19
21 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23559 Oahu BISH 1949-02-20
22 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 3882 Maui BISH 1938-07-26
23 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 716 Maui BISH 1979-10-24
24 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 17628 Oahu BISH 1935-04-28
25 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1135 Oahu BISH 1933-08-06
26 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 3046 Maui BISH 1980-08-15
27 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 3078 Maui BISH 1980-08-16
28 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 13863 Oahu BISH 1937-05-23
29 Sanicula purpurea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7224 Oahu BISH 1934-08-07
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