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Korthalsella latissima

(Tiegh.) Danser (1937)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Santalopsida Order: Santalales Family: Santalaceae Genus: Korthalsella

hulumoa, kaumahana

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Brittle, hemiparasitic, producing haustoria that penetrate the host.

Stems: Stems 1–3 dm long, 1–2–branched, secondary and tertiary branches conspicuously narrower than main stem, arising distichously, only first internode cylindrical, but often flattened, others flattened except second internode rarely only somewhat flattened, second internode cuneate or sometimes rectangular, 20–25(–30) mm long, (7–)10–22(–28) mm wide at the widest point, other internodes usually rectangular, except the first internode of a branch usually cuneate, 10–25(–44) mm long, (9–)20–25(–40) mm wide, usually 8–12–nerved.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple (strongly reduced). Opposite and distichous. strongly reduced Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers confined to the axils flowers in clusters in the leaf axils, surrounded by a patch of usually dark hairs, the flower groups becoming many–flowered through later development of collateral and serial adventitious buds, sometimes forming a continuous band around the stem, all clusters with staminate and pistillate flowers intermingled. Flowers unisexual, minute, actinomorphic; each flower subtended by a small bract. Calyx (sepals) absent. Corolla of pistillate flowers 3-lobed, the lobes short, triangular. Staminate flowers globose in bud, later with 3 triangular segments, Stamens connate into a globose synandrium, 6 celled; anthers opening by slits toward the center of the synandrium. Pollen ultimately pouring out from a single central, apical pore. Ovary inferior (pistillate flowers), clavate or pear–shaped in bud, 3–4-carpellate, 1-celled; style terminal; stigma nipple–shaped, the embryo sacs first growing downward, then curving upward in the ovary wall, eventually U–shaped.

Fruit: Berries with persistent corolla; fleshy; glossy. Seeds 1 per fruit; flattened in the upper portion; seed coat absent; endosperm starchy; chlorophyllose.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Wet and mesic forests.

Elevation Range: 1,100–1,220 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 14: 150 (1937)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1339 (K, O, H); Molvray 1997:271 (COMBNOV [as K. taenioides f. pendula], Syn. K. latissima, status change from end to ind); Herbst & Wagner 1999:32 (recommend against adopting Molvray 1997 pending further evaluation)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Korthalsella latissima Waiakea For. Reserve On ohia lehua tree. Preserved_Specimen Bryan, L.W. Hawaii BISH 1946-02-14
2 Korthalsella latissima S. Hilo District. Paukaa AHU. Tr 21 (71); E slope of Mauna Kea between Awehi Stream & Honolii Stream Wet `ohi`a forest with other native trees, and a treefern and native shrub understory. Growing on a small Myrsine lessertiana. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1398 Hawaii BISH 1977-09-12
3 Korthalsella latissima Waianae Mountains, Mount Kaala, off the boardwalk. Canopy of Metrosideros polymorpha, Melicope clusiifolia, Cheirodendron platyphyllum. Understory of Machaerina angustifolia, Peperomia spp., Coprosma spp. Preserved_Specimen Kawelo, K. 284 Oahu BISH 2012-04-03
4 Korthalsella latissima Alakai Trail, Kawaikoa stream, Waimea rain forest Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 24882 Kauai BISH 1952-12-25
5 Korthalsella latissima Waimea District. Pihea Trail, from Pihea lookout south along W.edge of Alakai Swamp Very wet mixed mesophytic forest with Metrosideros dominant. Preserved_Specimen Lorence, D.H. 5162 Kauai BISH 1987-04-08
6 Korthalsella latissima Near beginning of Awaawapuhi Trail Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 2121 Kauai BISH 1971-09-04
7 Korthalsella latissima Waimea, Halemanu, Kokee stream Preserved_Specimen Chock, A.K. 945 Kauai BISH 1953-08-14
8 Korthalsella latissima Kokee, Waimea, Na Pali-KonaForest Reserve Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10703 Kauai BISH 1930-12-26
9 Korthalsella latissima Waimea Drainage Basin, West side Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1065 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
10 Korthalsella latissima Halemanu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17289 Kauai BISH 1920-01-29
11 Korthalsella latissima Kaholuamanu behind Waimea Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 355 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
12 Korthalsella latissima Waimea District, Alakai Swamp, trail from beginning od 2nd bog Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 2896 Kauai BISH 1973-03-06
13 Korthalsella latissima Alakai swamp Preserved_Specimen MacDaniels, L.H. 808 Kauai BISH 1927-02-17
14 Korthalsella latissima Awaawapuhi Trail Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. 244 Kauai BISH 1987-06-16
15 Korthalsella latissima Waimea Drainage Basin, West side Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1065 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
16 Korthalsella latissima Halemanu Valley, Kokee, Kauai, T. Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8890 Kauai BISH 1926-06-27
17 Korthalsella latissima Alakai Swamp Preserved_Specimen Sargent, M. Kauai BISH 1935-08-01
18 Korthalsella latissima Koolau Mts., Oahu Forest NWR, N Kipapa Preserved_Specimen Hoffman, N. Oahu BISH 2003-09-03
19 Korthalsella latissima Kauai Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Kauai BISH 1909-08-30
20 Korthalsella latissima Kokee Camp Preserved_Specimen Kauai BISH 1926-06-25
21 Korthalsella latissima Kalua Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 981 BISH 1909-06-01
22 Korthalsella latissima Kaumahana Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 1814 BISH
23 Korthalsella latissima Halemanu, Kokee, Kauai Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 30464 Kauai BISH 1926-06-26
24 Korthalsella latissima Waimea Drainage Basin, West side On Cyrtandra Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 935 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
25 Korthalsella latissima Waianae Mountains, Puu Hapapa, Schofield side of peak. Growing on Myrsine lessertiana. Associated with Metrosideros polymorpha, Schinus terebinthifolius, Kadua schlechtendahliana, Carex wahuensis, Phyllanthus distichus. Preserved_Specimen Kawelo, K. 300 Oahu BISH 2012-11-28
26 Korthalsella latissima Kokee, Kauai In open woods; on Cheirodendron Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2423 Kauai BISH 1926-06-25
27 Korthalsella latissima Wahiawa, central ridge to Puu Kaala Epiphyte on ohia lehua (Chock 487 - Shrub 1.8 meters high, 12.5 cm d.b.h) Preserved_Specimen Chock, A.K. 476 Oahu BISH 1952-05-25
28 Korthalsella latissima Waianae Range, Palikea Gulch, ridge dividing east and west forks. Canopy: Metrosideros polymorpha, Bobea elatior, Antidesma platyphyllum, Xylosma hawaiiensis. Understory: Clidemia hirta, Alyxia stellata, Carex meyenii, Gahnia beecheyi. Preserved_Specimen Kawelo, K. 318 Oahu BISH 2013-06-04
29 Korthalsella latissima Kokee, Kauai open woods in Halemanu Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2424 Kauai BISH 1926-06-27
30 Korthalsella latissima Ridge S.W of Pihea Waimea wet woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 22937 Kauai BISH 1947-12-22
31 Korthalsella latissima Alakai Swamp: along Alakai Swamp Trail flat - on Pittosporum, Ohia & Lobelia. Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 1532 Kauai BISH 1956-12-27
32 Korthalsella latissima Top of Kaala Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1775 Oahu BISH 1931-05-10
33 Korthalsella latissima Kokee State Park, along Pihea Trail from Puu o Kila to jct. with Alakai Swamp Trail on Clermontia clermontioides Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5037 Kauai BISH 1983-08-30
34 Korthalsella latissima Waimea vicinity of Kokee On Cyrtandra paludosa. Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2961 Kauai BISH 1938-08-16
35 Korthalsella latissima Waianae Mts., Mt Kaala In bog on Myrsine sp. Preserved_Specimen Cowan, R.S. 318 Oahu BISH 1946-11-17
36 Korthalsella latissima Kokee On Platydesma sp. Preserved_Specimen Lyon, H.L. 5013 Kauai BISH 1925-02-28
37 Korthalsella latissima Alakai Swamp Trail Occasional in wooded areas. Preserved_Specimen Crosby, M.R. 1460 Kauai BISH 1964-06-19
38 Korthalsella latissima Kilauea Lookout, Kalalau Valley Moist Metrosideros woods, parasitic on Cyrtandra Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 22905 Kauai BISH 1947-12-21
39 Korthalsella latissima Waianae Range, Mt Kaala Parasite on Myrsine, also seen on various other species in summit bog. Preserved_Specimen van Balgooy, M.M.J. 4175 Oahu BISH 1982-05-27
40 Korthalsella latissima On Waianae Range. On summit of Mt Kaala Few, scattered, on unidentified tree, ca. 2 m tall. Preserved_Specimen Herat, T. 518 Oahu BISH 1973-09-30
41 Korthalsella latissima Puu Kaala, Waianae Mts On Suttonia tree, in wet forest Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1264 Oahu BISH 1934-10-04
42 Korthalsella latissima Kokee, Waimea, Na Pali-Kona forest reserve wet forest Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13695 Kauai BISH 1933-12-27
43 Korthalsella latissima Kaunuohua Ridge Parasite on tree. on Cyrtandra Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. 1464 Kauai BISH 1940-07-30
44 Korthalsella latissima Kilohana Lookout, Kalalau moist woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 19986 Kauai BISH 1939-02-11
45 Korthalsella latissima Plateau at head of Kalau Valley wet forest on Straussia Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 12699 Kauai BISH 1935-12-29
46 Korthalsella latissima Hanalei District. Alakai Swamp; adjacent to the Wainiha Valley Parasitic on Pittosporum gayanum. Assoc. with Metrosideros polymorpha, Pelea, Ilex anomala, Cheirodendron kauaiense, Cyrtandra, Scaevola kauaiensis. Preserved_Specimen Gustafson, R. 1063 Kauai BISH 1978-11-26
47 Korthalsella latissima Kahuamaa Flat, Kokee Wet forest. Parasitic on lower, woody part of stem of Hedyotis foggiana. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 2056 Kauai BISH 1971-08-10
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