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Valeriana rubra

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Dipsacales Family: Caprifoliaceae Genus: Valeriana

red valerian, valerian

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial herbs.

Stems: Stems ascending, 3–8 dm long, usually branched.

Roots: Rhizomatous.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades lanceolate to ovate or broadly ovate, 3–8(–12) cm long, (0.5–)1–5(–6) cm wide. Base sessile and amplexicaul. Surfaces glabrous and ± glaucous. Margins entire or the uppermost occasionally irregularly dentate. Petiolate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in terminal, oblong, cymose inflorescences, bracteate. Flowers small, bisexual (perfect). Basal spur (2–)5–12 mm long. Calyx 5–25-toothed, inrolled at anthesis, enlarging and spreading in fruit to form a plumose pappus. Corolla red, pink, or white, the tube (5–)7–11 mm long, irregular, the tube slender. Stamen 1, adnate to corolla tube; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary inferior, 3-carpellate; ovule pendulous, anatropous, apical; style 1.

Fruit: Capsules dry; 3–4 mm long; ribbed; 1–celled; the sterile cells minute; crowned with the plumose pappus. Seeds 1 per fruit; endosperm absent.

Ploidy: 2n = 14; 32

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Potentially naturalizing

Island Status

Maui Potentially naturalizing

Dispersal Agents

Wind

Pollinators

Specimens

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Notes

  • Description digitized by Alyssa Larson
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • roots, seeds, leaves, flowers, and steps are edible and useful oil

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 31 (1753)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Valeriana rubra Kula, growing in a gulch north of Haleakala Crater Road Naturalised along the steep gulch sides. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1655 Maui BISH 1982-07-20
2 Valeriana rubra East Maui, Haleakala, Pohakuokala Gulch Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 9705 Maui BISH 1994-10-20
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