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Schiedea salicaria

Hillebr. (1888)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae Genus: Schiedea

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Gynodioecious shrubs, 3–8 (–18) dm tall.

Stems: Stems often swollen at the nodes, terete (cylindrical), 4–angled or –ridged, erect or strongly ascending, with few short lateral branches in the distal part of the stem, glabrous, internodes 0.5–5 cm long, green to greenish purple.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades narrowly elliptic to elliptic, sometimes the lower ones elliptic–oblanceolate or oblanceolate, 3–5 (–5.5) cm long, 0.6–1.5 cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate. Base leaf bases often connate around the stem, base attenuate to narrowly cuneate. Blades thinly coriaceous, pale yellowish green, often slightly glaucous and reflective. Margins entire, slightly thickened and weakly revolute. 1(–3) principal veins, the outer pair inconspicuous when present. Petioles 0–0.3 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence terminal, with 13–117 flowers, (4–) 8–23 cm long, usually laterally contracted, weakly congested, the hermaphroditic inflorescences slightly less congested and broader than the pistillate inflorescences; bracts of central axis 2–8 mm long, those of branches and flowers 1.5–3 mm long, green to purple–tinged, linear to subulate. Flowers bisexual (perfect) or pistillate. Calyx of hermaphroditic flowers with sepals 3.1–4.1 mm long, narrowly ovate, broadly and very shallowly navicular, oriented at 45° to 80° angle to the pedicel, green or tinged purple toward the apex, opaque, reflexed and convex at the base, producing a small transverse bulge, glabrous, margins scarious, sometimes somewhat irregularly undulate, entire, glabrous, apex sometimes inrolled, obtuse. Pistillate flowers: sepals 2.75–4.2 mm long, narrowly ovate, green or yellowish green, pale yellow at the base, opaque, reflexed and convex at the base, producing a small transverse bulge, broadly navicular to nearly flat, oriented at 60° to 90° angle to the pedicel, sometimes strongly upcurved near the middle, margins scarious and often irregularly undulate, glabrous, apex often inrolled, obtuse. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 10 (–12) in hermaphroditic flowers, sometimes a few (especially of the antisepalous whorl) non–functional and short, the filaments dimorphic, the antisepalous whorl 4–5.8 mm long, the alternate whorl 3.5–5 mm long; anthers 0.6–0.9 mm long, yellow. Pistillate flowers: Stamens 10 (–12), vestigial; filaments unequal, the antisepalous whorl 0.9–1.7 mm long, the alternate whorl (0.4–) 0.75–1 mm long; anthers 0.4–0.6 mm long, pale yellow, not producing pollen. Ovary superior, 1-celled; ovule placentation free-central; styles (2–) 3 (–4), green (hermaphroditic flowers) or pale yellow (pistillate flowers).

Fruit: Capsules 4.5–5 mm long; ovoid. Seeds 0.7–0.9 mm long; orbicular–reniform; the surface papillose; papillae of the margins larger than those of the faces; perisperm starchy; hard or rarely soft; true endosperm absent.

Ploidy: 2n = 55*–60*; probably 60*

Habitat: Scattered on ridges and steep slopes usually beyond the reach of grazing animals in remnant dry shrubland.

Elevation Range: 180–670 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Scattered on ridges and steep slopes usually beyond the reach of grazing animals in remnant dry shrubland, 180-360 m, known only from south of Waikapti, Kaunohua, Md'alaea, Olowalu, and inland of Lahaina, West Maui
  • Schiedeo salicaria is most closely related to S. adamantis, endemic to Diamond Head, O'ahu.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Fl. Hawaiian Isl.: 33 (1888)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:519 (WM); Wagner, Weller & Sakai 2005:137 (KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH 1870-08-01
2 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6821 Maui BISH 1998-02-11
3 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on steep areas inaccessible to cattle. growing in many-branched clumps Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2007 Maui BISH 1984-03-06
4 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on a steep face on the south side of the gulch. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 803 Maui BISH 1980-05-13
5 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Steep N-facing rock face in remnant dry shrubland Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 328 Maui BISH 1990-05-09
6 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details About 50 plants growing in low scrub on ridgetop and north slope. Other ssp. aalii, iliahi aloe, Eragrostis variabilis, Lipochaeta lavarum, Bidens micrantha, Nesoluma polynesicum, Doryopteris decipiens, also molasses grass, Lantana, Casuarina, silk oak, Java plum, haole koa. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2118 Maui BISH 1984-06-25
7 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On ridge in dry shrubland. Associated vegetation: Osteomeles, Metrosideros, Eragrostis, Wikstroemia, Dodonaea, Carex, Sphenomeris. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 30405 Maui BISH 2004-03-05
8 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details rocky slps above Erythrina forest w/ Leucaena, Sida, Achyranthes splendens near Hibiscus brackenridgei exclosure. Local pop ca. 200 plants Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 5804 Maui BISH 1987-05-01
9 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On open windswept ridge in low scrub. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 3271 Maui BISH 1991-01-10
10 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details About 50 plants growing in low scrub on ridgetop and north slope. Other ssp. aalii, iliahi aloe, Eragrostis variabilis, Lipochaeta lavarum, Bidens micrantha, Nesoluma polynesicum, Doryopteris decipiens, also molasses grass, Lantana, Casuarina, silk oak, Java plum, haole koa. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2118 Maui BISH 1984-06-25
11 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details growing in low native scrub and grass on an exposed and windy ridge Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1000 Maui BISH 1981-02-24
12 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6817 Maui BISH 1998-02-10
13 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on vertical rock wall 10 ft above Waikapu Stream. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 59803 Maui BISH 1999-05-03
14 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6790 Maui BISH 1998-02-09
15 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6799 Maui BISH 1998-02-09
16 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Weller, S.G. Maui BISH 1985-01-01
17 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH 1870-08-01
18 Schiedea salicaria Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH 1870-08-01
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