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Polyscias waialealae

(Rock) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett (2010)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Apiales Family: Araliaceae Genus: Polyscias

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees 4–10(–12) m tall, secretory canals present in most parts.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound. Alternate. Blades 20–35 cm long, leaflets 7–13(–15), leaflets elliptic to ovate, often folded upward along the midvein, 5–16 cm long, 3–7 cm wide (the lowest pair often smaller, broadly ovate). Leaflet apices rounded to acute, occasionally short-acuminate. Base leaflet base rounded to cuneate, often oblique. Leaflet surfaces glabrous; blades thick coriaceous. Margins entire. Petiolate; petiolules 5–20(–35) mm long. Stipules absent or rudimentary.

Flowers: Flowers in erect, 2–3 times compound–umbellate inflorescences, primary axis stout, 3–10 cm long, rarely absent, the 3–10 secondary branches (rays) 4–10 cm long, without bract scars, each with a terminal umbellule of flowers, or 3–6 tertiary axes, these then with a terminal umbellule of flowers. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic; terminal (often appearing lateral).Pedicels 8–18(–22) mm long. Calyx a crown of 7–10(–12) broadly acute to rounded lobes 2–4 mm long, often tinged purplish. Corolla of 5–7 petals; petals dark reddish pink, thick, lanceolate to triangular, 7–10 mm long. Stamens 25–30(–40), in 2 whorls. Ovary inferior, 4–7(8)-carpellate, surmounted by a reddish tinged, conical nectary disk; stigmas 4–7(8), sessile.

Fruit: Drupes ovoid–cylindrical (ribbed when dry); 20–25 mm long; the calyx forming an evident; lobed crown at the top. Seeds 1 per pyrene; embryo small.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in mesic to wet forest.

Elevation Range: 550–1,600 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Pumehana Imada
  • This species is very closely related to Tetraplasandra waimeae , although the available material can easily be separated into 2 fairly distinct groups based on several characters. Tetraplasandra waialealae and T. waimeae do no appear to occur together, ex

Bibliography

Name Published In: Pl. Divers. Evol. 128: 75 (2010)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:236 (K [as Tetraplasandra waialealae]); Lowry & Plunkett 2010:75 (COMBNOV, Syn. T. waialealae = P. waialealae)

Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2 (No. Edn 2). University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press.

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen Stern, W.L. 1250 Kauai BISH 1961-08-01
2 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open area at trailside, Metrosideros-Cheirodendron forest w/ Dicranopteris groundcover Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 181 Kauai BISH 1983-08-16
3 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open area at trailside, Metrosideros-Cheirodendron forest w/ Dicranopteris groundcover Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 181 Kauai BISH 1983-08-16
4 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forests in the vicinity of Lehua makanoe Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2925 Kauai BISH 1938-08-13
5 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet ohia, Eugenia forest Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 191 Kauai BISH 1978-07-05
6 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details rain forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23899 Kauai BISH 1955-09-07
7 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13703 Kauai BISH 1933-12-27
8 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dicranopteris linearis, Diplopterygium pinnatum, Metrosideros polymorpha var. dieteri, Cheirodendron platyphlla, Dubautia laxa, Dubautia knudesnii, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Metrosideros polymorpha v Preserved_Specimen Heintzman, S. 5252201 Kauai BISH 2022-05-25
9 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Windswept Shrubland Dubautia laxa, Cheirodendron platyphyllum subsp. kauaiense, Melicope waialealae, Melicope clusiifolia, Dicranopteris linearis, and Juncus planifolius. Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 296 Kauai BISH 2016-06-18
10 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details 90% open shrubland/fernland with a 10% sparse tree cover, Metrosideros polymorpha, Xylosma hawaiiense, Ilex anomala, Hedyotis terminalis, Tetraplasandra bisattenuata, Bidens valida, Hedyotis fluviatilis, Melicope feddei, Machaerina angustifolia, Dicranopteris linearis and Diplopterygium pinnatum. Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 11437 Kauai BISH 2005-08-06
11 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest Preserved_Specimen MacDaniels, L.H. 811 Kauai BISH 1927-02-17
12 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Forest Rubus sp., Meterosideros polymorpha, Astelia argyrocoma, Dicranopteris linearis, Psidium cattleianum, Scaevola gaudichaudiana, Dodonaea viscosa, Broussaisia arguta, Syzygium cumini, Hedychium gardner Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 193 Kauai BISH 2016-01-04
13 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dicranopteris linearis, Diplopterygium pinnatum, Metrosideros polymorpha var. dieteri, Cheirodendron platyphlla, Dubautia laxa, Dubautia knudesnii, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Metrosideros polymorpha v Preserved_Specimen Heintzman, S. 5252201 Kauai BISH 2022-05-25
14 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Forest Pittosporum sp., Rubus sp., Dicranopteris linearis, Psidium cattleianum, Cheirodendron sp., Metrosideros polymorpha, Cyrtandra longifolia, Hedychium gardnerianum, Psychotria marniana, Dianella sanwice Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 194 Kauai BISH 2016-01-04
15 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open wind-swept shrubland ridges dissected by drainages, and steep bogs. Forest patches of Metrosideros-Cheirondendron interspresed with Psychotria, Coprosma, Myrsine, Broussaisia, Tetreplasandra, Kadua, Melicope, Perrottetia, ferns of Dicranopteris, Sticherus, Sphenomeris Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 14454 Kauai BISH 2010-12-22
16 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details High plateau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4902 Kauai BISH 1909-09-22
17 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wooded stream bank Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10791 Kauai BISH 1930-12-27
18 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rubus-infested slope in wet forest Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3699 Kauai BISH 1987-10-24
19 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21730 Kauai BISH 1952-01-16
20 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros polymorpha-Dicranopteris Mesic Forest W/Polyscias waialealae, Metrosideros polymorpha, Cheirodendron trigynum subsp. Helleri, Dicranopteris linearis, Rubus sp. Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 18 Kauai BISH 2013-08-30
21 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dicranopteris-Metrosideros polymorpha Forest Dicranopteris linearis, Metrosideros polymorpha, Alyxia stelata, Melicope cludiifolia, Psychotria sp., Broussaisia arguta, Machaerina angustifolia, Ilex anomala, Vaccinium reticulatum, Kadua affinis, Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 142 Kauai BISH 2015-08-12
22 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13703 Kauai BISH 1933-12-27
23 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wooded stream bank Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10791 Kauai BISH 1930-12-27
24 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3699 Kauai BISH 1987-10-24
25 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Peperomia sp., Astelia argyrocoma, Dubautia sp., Cheirodendron dominii, Coprosma elliptica, Vaccinium sp., Melicope, clussifolia, Broussaisia arguta, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, and Cibotium menziesii. Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 288 Kauai BISH 2016-06-18
26 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 34 Kauai BISH 1968-11-21
27 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Head of gully sheltered from the orographic updrafts originating in the valley below. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 2472 Kauai BISH 1985-09-21
28 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details High plateau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4902 Kauai BISH 1909-09-22
29 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forest clearing Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23902 Kauai BISH 1955-09-09
30 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rainforest near gulch Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23898 Kauai BISH 1955-09-07
31 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet Forest Metrosideros polymorpha, Broussaisia arguta, Vaccinium sp, Cheirodendron platyphyllum subsp. kauaiense, Cheirodendron fauriei, Melicope clusiifolia, Nertera granadensis, and Juncus planifolius. Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 282 Kauai BISH 2016-06-18
32 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Exposed precipitous Dicramopteris covered slope Preserved_Specimen Gagné, W.C. 557 Kauai BISH 1970-08-27
33 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Edge of forest Preserved_Specimen van Balgooy, M.M.J. 4216 Kauai BISH 1982-05-29
34 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Near begining of swamp. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1982-08-29
35 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Forest Dicranopteris linearis, Metrosideros polymorpha, Syzygium sandwicense, Melicope anisata, Polyscias waialealae, Planchonella sandwicensis, Psychotria mariniana, Psidium cattelianum, Hedychium gardneria Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 182 Kauai BISH 2016-01-04
36 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21730 Kauai BISH 1952-01-16
37 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Head of gully sheltered from the orographic updrafts originating in the valley below. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 2472 Kauai BISH 1985-09-21
38 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open rain forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23951 Kauai BISH 1955-09-18
39 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Chirodendron montane wet foresst, summer mesic with Polyscias waimeae, P. waialealae, Melicope clusiifolia, Ilex anomala, Bobea brevipes, Nestegis sandwicensis, Scaevola procera, Elaeocarpus bifidus, Xylosma hawaiiense, Syzygium sandwicensis, Psycho Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 18969 Kauai BISH 2022-05-11
40 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details W/Metrosideros polymorpha, Trematolobelia Sp., Cyanea Rivularis Preserved_Specimen Watson, J.C. 46 Kauai BISH 2015-04-20
41 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain forest ridge Preserved_Specimen Gagné, W.C. 550 Kauai BISH 1970-08-25
42 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rubus-infested slope in wet forest Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3699 Kauai BISH 1987-10-24
43 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Forest Rubus sp., Meterosideros polymorpha, Astelia argyrocoma, Dicranopteris linearis, Psidium cattleianum, Scaevola gaudichaudiana, Dodonaea viscosa, Broussaisia arguta, Syzygium cumini, Hedychium gardnerianum Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 193 Kauai BISH 2016-01-04
44 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet Forest Peperomia sp., Astelia argyrocoma, Dubautia sp., Cheirodendron dominii, Coprosma elliptica, Vaccinium sp., Melicope clustifolia, Broussaisia arguta, Leptecophylla tamelamelae, and Cibotium menziesii. Preserved_Specimen Adans, J. 289 Kauai BISH 2016-06-18
45 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 3400 Kauai BISH 1981-05-15
46 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open forest Preserved_Specimen Lowry II, P.P. 3523 Kauai BISH 1984-10-05
47 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest of Metrosideros, Xylosma, Nestegis, Cryptocarya Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 3211 Kauai BISH 1988-11-09
48 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros lowland wet forest with Antidesma platyphyllum var. hillebrandii, Syzygium sandwicensis, Cheirodendron platyphyllum, Ilex anomala. Understory: Dubautia knudsenii, Psychotria mariniana, P. hexandra, Psychotr Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 8102 Kauai BISH 1999-12-17
49 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Chirodendron montane wet foresst, summer mesic with Polyscias waimeae, P. waialealae, Melicope clusiifolia, Ilex anomala, Bobea brevipes, Nestegis sandwicensis, Scaevola procera, Elaeocarpus bifidus, Xylosma hawaiiense, Syzygium sandwicensis, Psycho Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 18969 Kauai BISH 2022-05-11
50 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 34 Kauai BISH 1968-11-21
51 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Exposed precipitous Dicramopteris covered slope Preserved_Specimen Gagné, W.C. 557 Kauai BISH 1970-08-27
52 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros, Dubautia, Oreobolus, Montane wet mixed communities with Rhynchospora rugosa subsp. lavarum, Campylopus, Plantago, Cheirodendron, Tetraplasandra, Myrsine, Cyanea, Trematolobelia, Lobelia, Cyrtandra, Juncus, Stenogyne, Hedyotids, Ilex, Eurya, Bidens, Melicope, Labordia, Coprosma and various bryophytes Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 121 Kauai BISH 1988-08-23
53 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details moist Metrosideros woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 22901 Kauai BISH 1947-12-21
54 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dicranopteris-Metrosideros polymorpha Forest Dicranopteris linearis, Diploterygium pinnatum, Syzygium sandwicense, Psychotria mariniana, Ilex anomala, Cheirodendron sp., Melicope clusiifolia, Metrosideros polymorpha, & Labordia lydgatei. Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 149 Kauai BISH 2015-08-12
55 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 164 Kauai BISH 1909-08-06
56 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Forest Dicranopteris linearis, Metrosideros polymorpha, Scaevola gaudichaudiana, Cheirodendron sp., Perottetia sandwicensis, Syzygium sandwicense, Cibotium sp., and Leptecophylla tameiameiae. Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 192 Kauai BISH 2016-01-04
57 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 164 Kauai BISH 1909-08-06
58 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Gagné, W.C. 581 Kauai BISH 1970-09-04
59 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Scheuer, P.J. 1477 Kauai BISH 1964-02-10
60 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 286 Kauai BISH 1909-08-01
61 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 3729 Kauai BISH 1961-08-11
62 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 198 Kauai BISH 1970-04-16
63 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8870 Kauai BISH 1911-10-01
64 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 1172 Kauai BISH 1985-08-17
65 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8870 Kauai BISH 1911-10-01
66 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 274 Kauai BISH 1909-08-11
67 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 200 Kauai BISH 1909-08-01
68 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1044 Kauai BISH 1968-04-12
69 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Kato, T. Kauai BISH 1960-06-01
70 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1475 Kauai BISH 1964-02-10
71 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
72 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
73 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
74 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Crosby, M.R. 2000 Kauai BISH 1964-08-12
75 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
76 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8870 Kauai BISH 1911-10-01
77 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 164 Kauai BISH 1909-08-06
78 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1044 Kauai BISH 1968-04-12
79 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 274 Kauai BISH 1909-08-11
80 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 200 Kauai BISH 1909-08-01
81 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1982-08-29
82 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 3400 Kauai BISH 1981-05-15
83 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21473 Kauai BISH 1931-12-27
84 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Ridge top beside trail in rain forest Preserved_Specimen Gagné, W.C. 581 Kauai BISH 1970-09-04
85 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details forest of Metrosideros, Xylosma, Nestegis, Cryptocarya Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 3211 Kauai BISH 1988-11-09
86 Polyscias waialealae Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros polymorpha-Dicranopteris Wet Forest. Metrosideros polymorpha, Dicranopteris linearis, Polyscias waialealae, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Psychotria mariniana, Scaevola gaudichaudiana, Cheirodendron platyphyllum, Dubautia raillardioides, Cib Preserved_Specimen Adams, J. 281 Kauai BISH 2016-06-07
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