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Silene struthioloides

A.Gray (1854)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae Genus: Silene

catchfly

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Many-branched shrubs.

Stems: Stems from a taproot, 1–3 dm long, branched from base, glabrous, often swollen at the nodes.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite or whorled. Blades subulate, 3–9(–13) mm long, 0.5–1 mm wide. rigid, ascending to erect, sometimes recurved on the youngest part of the stem. Base leaf bases often connate around the stem. Surfaces glabrous or sometimes sparsely puberulent on young leaves and in leaf axils. Margins entire. Sessile. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in elongate, narrow, paniculate or subracemose cymes, glabrous to sparsely puberulent throughout. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Pedicels 3–11 mm long. Calyx 5-toothed, 9–13 mm long, 10–nerved, glabrous, the lobes obtuse, margins scarious. Corolla of 5 petals; petals greenish white or pale yellowish green, fading and drying maroon, blades ca. 6–8 mm long, deeply cleft, with a 2-lobed appendage at base. Stamens included or slightly exserted beyond calyx. Ovary superior; styles 3(4–5); ovary 1-celled or incompletely 2–4 celled, on a well–developed stipe that is adnate to the staminal filament bases and petal bases (referred to as a carpophore). Carpophore 3–6 mm long.

Fruit: Capsules oblong–ovoid; 1–celled throughout; 7–10 mm long; dehiscent by 6 or rarely 3 apical teeth or valves. Seeds reddish brown; reniform; 0.7–0.8 mm long; papillose.

Ploidy: 2n = ca.22*;24*

Habitat: Scattered primarily in subalpine to alpine shrubland.

Elevation Range: 2,150–3,500 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 2,150-3,500 m
  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Silene struthioloides has also been collected once on Pu'uke'eke'e (Degener et al. 19828, BISH) and along the Footprint Trail, summit of Hualalu (Forbes 2M.H, BISH), Hawai'i.

Bibliography

Name Published In: U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 109 (1854)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:525 (EM, H)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Silene struthioloides Kaohe Ahupuaa, Mauna Kea, in small gulch west of Puu Mali. Transect Ha, Station 5. Dry koa-mamane community with a mixed grass-native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 3020 Hawaii BISH 1984-07-12
2 Silene struthioloides Mauna Kea, road to observatory arid cinders Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5165 Hawaii BISH 1975-01-16
3 Silene struthioloides S.Kohala District, a cinder cone east of Saddle rd-Mamalahoa hwy junction, north of Old Aalii Pumping Station Associated with Sida, Dodonaea, Wikstroemia, Sophora, Osteomeles, and Lipochaeta. Conditions extremely dry. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 616 Hawaii BISH 1981-10-08
4 Silene struthioloides N Mauna Kea loose lava Preserved_Specimen Hitchcock, A.S. 14292 Hawaii BISH 1916-08-22
5 Silene struthioloides Saddle Road, about 33 miles from Hilo growing on exposed aa flow along highway. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 567 Hawaii BISH 1981-07-21
6 Silene struthioloides NE of Hale Pohaku, Mauna Kea lava rock crevices Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19795 Hawaii BISH 1949-09-01
7 Silene struthioloides Kaupo Gap, Haleakala Cliffs. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2313 Maui BISH 1927-08-20
8 Silene struthioloides East Maui, Haleakala, Sliding Sands trail with Pukiawe and Naenae Preserved_Specimen Olson, G.E. 39 Maui BISH 1937-07-09
9 Silene struthioloides Mauna Kea, mauka of Puu Laau open mamane forest Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 698 Hawaii BISH 1982-02-24
10 Silene struthioloides Makawao District, SW rift zone of Haleakala, Waiohuli, Kula FR, near Skyline Dr. Local, in open cindery, W facing slope below & W of Kanahau Vegetation: 2m tall Subalpine Shrubland, degraded by feral goats. Sophora, Coprosma, Leptecophylla, Vaccinium, Dubautia, Dodonaea, Sanicula, Asplenium, Pteridium, Pellaea, Stenogyne, Agrostis, Deschampsia, Trisetum, Holcus, Plantago, Rumex. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 120653 Maui BISH 2006-12-27
11 Silene struthioloides S.Kohala District, a cinder cone east of Saddle rd-Mamalahoa hwy junction, north of Old Aalii Pumping Station Associated with Sida, Dodonaea, Wikstroemia, Sophora, Osteomeles, and Lipochaeta. Conditions extremely dry. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 615 Hawaii BISH 1981-10-08
12 Silene struthioloides mauka of Hale Pohaku, Mauna Kea lava ledges Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19763 Hawaii BISH 1949-09-03
13 Silene struthioloides Haleakala, Sliding Sands trail lava beds, cinder slope Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 9946 Maui BISH 1933-08-22
14 Silene struthioloides Near Koolau gap, Haleakala Lava region often cloud-swept. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 17154 Maui BISH 1927-06-29
15 Silene struthioloides Haleakala Crater, 4 mi W of Paliku Cabin, near Bottomless Pit cinders Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 3717 Maui BISH 1969-06-24
16 Silene struthioloides Puu Keekee, summit arid cinders Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19828 Hawaii BISH 1949-08-19
17 Silene struthioloides W Haleakala, hwy. below Kalahaku Overlook lava rock slopes; with Geranium tridens, Styphelia tameiameiae, Coprosma montana, Vaccinium, Dodonaea eriocarpa, Tetramalopium humile Preserved_Specimen Iltis, H.H. 552 Maui BISH 1967-08-07
18 Silene struthioloides Haleakala, to Holua Cabin, Silversword Loop, cinder cone beyond lava lake red cinders with Argyroxiphium Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1918 Maui BISH 1966-07-04
19 Silene struthioloides Mauna Kea, silversword exclosure, edge of gulch at headwaters of Wailuku On rock walls of gulch. Assoc. with Coprosma montana, Styphelia douglasii, Dubautia arborea, Vaccinium peleanum, Geranium cuneatum var. hololeucum, Asplenium trichomanes, & Pellaea ternifolia. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 922 Hawaii BISH 1982-09-21
20 Silene struthioloides East Maui, Haleakala, near Bubble Cave cinder slope Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 9924 Maui BISH 1933-08-22
21 Silene struthioloides Papalekoki, Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8300 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
22 Silene struthioloides Makawao, Waiohuli, W Haleakala, NW of Kalepeamoa, Kula Forest Reserve ridge; dry; native shrubs and trees; on weathered aa and cinders Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9195 Maui BISH 1980-06-17
23 Silene struthioloides East Maui, Haleakala, Puu Nianiau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8587 Maui BISH 1910-10-01
24 Silene struthioloides Kapapolu, Kau Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 432 Hawaii BISH 1911-08-01
25 Silene struthioloides above Humuula [Humuula-Mauna Kea trail Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. 753 Hawaii BISH 1935-08-09
26 Silene struthioloides East Maui, Haleakala, Puu Nianiau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8587 Maui BISH 1910-10-01
27 Silene struthioloides East Maui, NW Haleakala, park road Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 3854 Maui BISH 1969-07-13
28 Silene struthioloides East Maui, Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 280 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
29 Silene struthioloides Papalekoki, Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8300 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
30 Silene struthioloides Mauna Kea, summit road Preserved_Specimen McEldowney, H. 4 Hawaii BISH 1976-07-01
31 Silene struthioloides Papalekoki, Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8300 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
32 Silene struthioloides East Maui, Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 280 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
33 Silene struthioloides Wailuku River, source Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 889 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-18
34 Silene struthioloides East Maui, Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Maui BISH
35 Silene struthioloides East Maui, NW Haleakala, park road Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 3854 Maui BISH 1969-07-13
36 Silene struthioloides East Maui, Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Brigham, W.T. Maui BISH 1909-01-01
37 Silene struthioloides Maui Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Maui BISH
38 Silene struthioloides Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
39 Silene struthioloides Hualalai, summit Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 204 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-19
40 Silene struthioloides Haleakala Crater, Halalii [puu] Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 3066 Maui BISH 1973-08-10
41 Silene struthioloides Haleakala, Sliding Sands trail Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 986 Maui BISH 1919-07-31
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